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Bio-Design and Manufacturing  2024 Vol.7 No.2 P.167-180

http://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-023-00268-w


Wearable multilead ECG sensing systems using on-skin stretchable and breathable dry adhesives


Author(s):  Yingxi Xie, Longsheng Lu, Wentao Wang & Huan Ma

Affiliation(s):  School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; more

Corresponding email(s):   wangwentao@csust.edu.cn

Key Words:  Multilead electrocardiogram, Dry electrodes, Wearable electronics, Wireless transmission


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Yingxi Xie, Longsheng Lu, Wentao Wang & Huan Ma . Wearable multilead ECG sensing systems using on-skin stretchable and breathable dry adhesives[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science D, 2024, 7(2): 167-180.

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Abstract: 
Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is used to diagnose cardiovascular diseases, for which wearable electronics have attracted much attention due to their lightweight, comfort, and long-term use. This study developed a wearable multilead ECG sensing system with on-skin stretchable and conductive silver (Ag)-coated fiber/silicone (AgCF-S) dry adhesives. Tangential and normal adhesion to pigskin (0.43 and 0.20 N/cm2, respectively) was optimized by the active control of fiber density and mixing ratio, resulting in close contact in the electrode�skin interface. The breathable AgCF-S dry electrode was nonallergenic after continuous fit for 24 h and can be reused/cleaned (>100 times) without loss of adhesion. The AgCF encapsulated inside silicone elastomers was overlapped to construct a dynamic network under repeated stretching (10% strain) and bending (90�) deformations, enabling small intrinsic impedance (0.3  , 0.1 Hz) and contact impedance variation (0.7 k ) in high-frequency vibration (70 Hz). All hard/soft modules of the multilead ECG system were integrated into lightweight clothing and equipped with wireless transmission for signal visualization. By synchronous acquisition of I�III, aVR, aVL, aVF, and V4 lead data, the multilead ECG sensing system was suitable for various scenarios, such as exercise, rest, and sleep, with extremely high signal-to-noise ratios.

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